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Following a Mediterranean diet may provide additional benefits for mental health. A recent study linked this diet to improved mental health in people over 50 years old.

According to Neuroscience News citing BMJ Open, the research is the result of a collaboration between University College London and the Barcelona Institute for Global Health, a center supported by the "la Caixa" Foundation.

Mediterranean diet (iStock)

Positive mental health

Numerous studies have shown that the Mediterranean diet—rich in fruits, vegetables, legumes, fish, and olive oil—is effective in preventing physical decline and the onset of disorders such as depression.

However, this new study goes further by focusing on positive mental health, which includes aspects such as control, autonomy, pleasure, and self-realization, and involves questions related to autonomy, enjoyment of life, sense of purpose, energy levels, and outlook. The study indicates that the mental health benefits of following a Mediterranean diet are not affected by the presence of depressive symptoms or the socioeconomic status of participants.

COVID-19 pandemic

Data collected through the ELSA group show that the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent restrictive measures had a negative emotional impact on study participants. However, the decline in mental health was less pronounced among individuals who adhered more closely to the Mediterranean diet, suggesting a protective effect.

Camille Lassale, a researcher at the Barcelona Institute and a lead participant in the study, says that evidence indicates that the foods and key components of the Mediterranean diet help regulate major biological processes, such as responses to stress, inflammation, gut health, and brain function.

Emerging research field

Alanna Shand, a psychology researcher and study participant, says: "This study provides further evidence of the relationship between [diet] and mental health, an emerging research field that is hoped to yield substantial new evidence in the coming years."

Andrew Steptoe, a researcher at University College London and study participant, added that there is no doubt "there is a need to promote healthy lifestyles, prioritizing a balanced diet rich in plant foods and low in foods such as processed meats and sweets, especially among the elderly."

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