The sky of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia witnessed at dawn today the conjunction of the Pleiades cluster with the Moon, an astronomical phenomenon known in Arab folk heritage as 'Qaran 25', and is considered one of the temporal markers that the Arabs relied on in ancient times for calendar and seasons, as it indicates the beginning of the second month of summer and the accompanying intensification of temperatures.

Mohammad Enad Al-Huzaimi, a member of the Astronomy Club, explained that 'Qaran 25' coincides with the entry of the Gemini lunar mansion, and is considered by the desert dwellers as an indicator of what is known as 'Jamrat al-Qaiz', which is the period when summer heat intensifies, and the hot winds known as 'Samoom' blow frequently, while humidity increases in coastal areas and sea storms become active.

Al-Huzaimi added that this period lasts about 27 days, to which farmers pay special attention, as they ensure to increase irrigation rates to water crops to confront the sharp rise in temperatures and maintain crop growth.

He pointed out that the conjunction of the Pleiades cluster with the Moon holds a prominent place in Arab heritage since ancient times, as the Arabs relied on it to determine seasons, monitor weather fluctuations, and track the beginnings of seasons, within an accurate calendar system based on the movement of stars and lunar mansions. This phenomenon still attracts the attention of astronomy specialists and those interested in folk heritage, as a natural indicator of entering a new climatic phase.